Social economy framework conditions and traditions vary from country to country. By offering country-specific information, we aim to provide a starting point to understand the social economy ecosystem in the EU Member States, especially for people who are new to the topic. The country pages provide useful links, including links to relevant organisations.
The country pages may also be helpful if you are looking to understand how the social economy framework conditions are in countries other than your own. If you are looking for countries with a strong social economy ecosystem, you may want to have a look at the country pages of France, Italy, Spain and Belgium.
A note on social economy data used: the quality of data available varies between countries. We tried to include the best data available for each country, while also including some data from the same source for all countries (to allow for some comparison). For more details see our note on social economy data.
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If you have additional information, interesting links, or other suggestions regarding the content on the country pages, please get in touch with us, so that we can further improve the content.
Languages
All country pages are available in English and in the official EU language(s) of each Member State. In addition machine translation into all official EU languages is available. Please use the language selector at the very top of the page to access the translations.
Some resources on non-EU countries
Albania:
- Social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe (2019): country report Albania
Brazil:
- Mapping social and solidarity ecosystems around the world, OECD, 2023: SSE CFS_Brazil (oecd.org)
Canada:
- Mapping social and solidarity ecosystems around the world, OECD, 2023: SSE CFS_Canada (oecd.org)
Iceland:
- Social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe (2019): country report Iceland
India:
- Mapping social and solidarity ecosystems around the world, OECD, 2023: SSE CFS_India (oecd.org)
Korea:
- Mapping social and solidarity ecosystems around the world, OECD, 2023: SSE CFS_Korea (oecd.org)
Mexico:
- Mapping social and solidarity ecosystems around the world, OECD, 2023: SSE CFS_Mexico (oecd.org)
Montenegro:
- Social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe (2019): country report Montenegro
North Macedonia:
- Social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe (2019): country report Former yugoslav republic of macedonia
Norway:
- Social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe (2019): country report Norway
- Legal Framework Analysis - National Report: Norway, Cooperatives Europe, 2021 (Legal framework for cooperatives): Norway Legal Framework Analysis Report.pdf (coops4dev.coop)
Serbia:
- Social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe (2019): country report Serbia
Switzerland:
- Swiss Social Enterprise Monitor 2021-2022: https://knowledgecentre.euclidnetwork.eu/2023/02/15/swiss-social-enterprise-monitor-2021-202
- Legal Framework Analysis - National Report: Switzerland, Cooperatives Europe, 2021 (Legal framework for cooperatives): Switzerland Legal Framework Analysis National Report .pdf (coops4dev.coop)
Turkey:
- Social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe (2019): country report Turkey
United Kingdom:
- Social enterprises and their ecosystems in Europe (2019): country report United Kingdom
- UK Social Enterprise Monitor 2020-2021: https://knowledgecentre.euclidnetwork.eu/2022/01/12/european-social-enterprise-monitor-report-2020-2021-2/
- Mapping social and solidarity ecosystems around the world, OECD, 2023: SSE CFS_UK (oecd.org)
- Legal Framework Analysis - National Report: United Kingdom, Cooperatives Europe, 2021 (Legal framework for cooperatives): United Kingdom Legal Framework Analysis Report .pdf (coops4dev.coop)
United States:
- Mapping social and solidarity ecosystems around the world, OECD, 2023: SSE CFS_United States (oecd.org)